THE IMPACT OF HEALTH PROGRAMMES ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA
Abstract
This study focused on the impact of health programmes on economic growth in Nigeria. It also examined the impact of health programmes on human capital development in Nigeria Data were obtained from Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical bulletin from the period 1981 to 2012. Ordinary Least Square method and computer software were used to estimate the parameters of two models which were developed for the study. The results obtained showed that there was a positive relationship between health programmes and economic growth in Nigeria as well as a significant impact of health programmes on economic growth. Also, there was a positive and significant impact of health programmes on human capital development in Nigeria. The paper recommends, among other things, the need for an increase in government expenditure on health from the ten percent proffered by the national plan to the twenty percent benchmark recommended by UNESCO.
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Acemoglu, D. and Johnson, S. (2007). "Disease and Development: the Effect
of Life Expectancy on Economic Growth." Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 115, pp. 925-985.
Adeniyi, M. and Abiodun, L. (2011). "Health Expenditure and Nigerian
Economic Growth." European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administration Sciences, Vol.30, pp.126-129.
Aghion, M., Philippe, T., Howitt, P. and Murtion, F. (2010) "The Relationship
Between Health and Growth: When Lucas Meets Nelson-Phelps." National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) Working Paper No. 15813.
Aguayo-Rico, A. and Irish, A. (2005). "Empirical Evidence of the Impact of
Health on Economic Growth." Issues in Political Economy. Vol. 25, pp. 112- 114.
Ahuja, R, and Jutting, J. (2003). "Design of Incentives in Community Based
Health Insurance Schemes". ICR1ER Working Paper No. 95,
Aigbokhan B., Imahe O. and Ailemen, M. (2007) "Education Expenditure and
Human Capital Development in Nigeria: Any Correlation So far". Research Paper. Ekpoma, Nigeria: Ambrose Ali University.
Akram, N. I. Haq, P. and Khan, M. (2008) "The Long Term Impact of Health
on Economic Growth in Pakistan."77*£ Pakistan Development Review41 : 4 Part II) pp. 487-500.
Alsan, M., Bloom, D.E., Canning, D. and Jamison, D. (2006). "The
consequences of Population Health for Economic Performance." PGDA Working Paper No. 13. pp. 14-15.
Appleton, S. (1992), Socioeconomic determinants of education, health
and fertility in Africa, un-published Phd. thesis, University of Oxford.
Arora, S. (2001). "Health, Human Productivity, and Long-Term Economic
Growth." The Journal of Economic History, pp. 699-749.
Aurangzeb, P. (2001), "Relationship Between Health Expenditure and GDP in
an Augmented Solow Growth Model for Pakistan: An Application of Cointegration and Error-Correction Modeling." The Lahore Journal of Economics., Vol.8(2), pp.1-18.
Bakare, A.S. and Sanmi, O. (2011). "Health Care Expenditure and Economic
Growth in Nigeria: An Empirical Study." Journal of Emerging Trends in Economics and Management Sciences, Vol.2(2), pp.83-87.
Baldacci, E.B. (2004). "The impact of Poor Health on Total Factor Productivity"
The Journal of Development Studies, Vol. 42(6), pp. 918 - 938.
Baltagi, B.H. and Moscone, F. (2010). "Health Care Expenditure and Income
in the OECD Reconsidered: Evidence from Panel Data." Economics
Modelling, Vol.27, pp.804-811.
Barro, R. J., (1996). "Health, Human Capital and Economic Growth", Program
on Public Policy and Health, Division of Health and Human Development, Paper prepared for the American Health Organization, November.
Bhargava, A., Jamison, D. T., Lau, L. J. and Murray, C. J. (2001). "Modeling
the Effects of Health on Economic Growth." Journal of Health Economics,, Vol. 35,pp. 423-440.
Bils, M. and Klenow, PJ. (2001). "Does schooling cause growth?" American
Economic InteviewVoI.90(5), pp.1160-1183.
Bleakley, H. (2007). "Disease and Development: Evidence from Hookworm
Eradication in the American South," Quarterly Journal of Economics. Vol. 27, pp. 201-210.
Bloom, D. E. and Canning, D. (2003). " Health and wealth of nations." Science
Journal. Vol.287,pp.l207-1209.
Bloom, D. E. and Canning, D. (2005). "Health and Economic growth:
Reconciling the Micro and Macro Evidence". Center on Democracy, Development and the Rule of Law. Working Paper No. 42. Pp 2, 3. Stanford Institute on International Studies.
Bloom, D.E., David E., Canning, D. and Sevilla, J. (2001). "The Effect of
Health on Economic Growth: Theory and Evidence." NBER Working Paper No. 8587.
Bloom, D.E. and Canning, D. (2008). "Population Health and Economic
Growth" Commission on Growth and Development. Working Paper No.24
Bloom, D.E., Canning, D. and Sevilla, J. (2004). "The Effect of Health on
Economic Growth: A Production Function Approach". World Development. Vol. 32, No.l, pp. 1 -13.
Bryant, J. (1969). Health and the Developing World. Ithaca, New York: Cornell
University Press
Case, A., Paxson, C. and Ableidinger, J. (2004). "Orphans in Africa: Parental
death, poverty, and school enrollment. Demography journal Vol. 41(2), pp. 483-508.
CBN. (2012). "Annual Reports and Statement of Accounts, Various Issues"
Abuja: CBN Publications.
Chete, C. and Adeoye, O. (2002). "Human Resources Development in Africa".
The Nigerian Economic Society Journal. Selected Papers for the 2002 Annual Conference, pp 79-102.
Cole, M. A. and Neumayer, E. (2005). "The Impact of Poor Health on Total
Factor Productivity."
Dauda, R.S. (2004). "Health Care Spending and the Empirics of Economic
Growth". Journal of Society ,Development and Public Health, Vol. 1, pp. 72 - 82.
Dauda, R.S. (2011). "Health as a Component of Human Capital Formation:
Does it Matter for the Growth of the Nigerian Economy?" Canadian Social Science, Vol.7(4), pp.207-218.
Dreiger, C. and Reimers, H. (2005). "Health Care Expenditures in OECD
Countries: A Panel Unit Roots and Co-integration Analysis. Discussion Paper Series, TZA DP No.1469.
Duraisamy, P. and A. Mahal (2005) "Health Poverty and Economic Growth in
India: In Financing and Delivery of Health Care Services in India," Background Papers of the National Commission on Macroeconomics and Health. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.
FMoH. (2005). "National H1V-AIDS and reproduction health survey."
Finlay, J. (2007). "The Role of Health In Economic Development". Program on
the Global Demography of Aging. PGDA Working Paper No. 21:
Gallup, J. and Sachs, J. (2000). "The Economic Burden of Malaria." Working
Paper No. 52, Center for International Development, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.
Glewwe, P. (1997), "How Does Schooling of Mothers Improve Child Health?"
Living Standards Measurement study. Washington DC: World Bank.
Grossman, M. (1972). "On The Concept Of Health Capital And The Demand
For Health." Journal of Political Economy, Vol.80, pp. 223-255.
Gyimah-Brempong, K. and Wilson, M. (2004). "Health Human Capital and
Economic Growth in Sub-Saharan African and OECD Countries." The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, pp.296-320.
Hamoudi, A. and Sachs, J. (1999). "Economic Consequences of Health Status:
a review of the evidence." Working Paper No. 30. Harvard Center for International Development, Cambridge, MA.
Hartwig, J. (2010). "Is Health Capital Formation Good for Long Term
Economic Growth? Panel Granger-Causality Evidence for OECD Countries." Journal of Macroeconomics, Vol.32, pp.314-325.
Hobcroft, J. (1993) "Women's Education, Child Welfare and Child Survival: a
review of the evidence", Health Transition Review, Vol.3, No.2.
Jack, W. (1999). "Principles of Health Economics for Developing Countries."
Washington, D.C.: World Bank Institute Development Studies.
Jafaroy, E. and Gunnarsson, V. (2008):"Government Spending on Health Care
and Education in Croatia: Efficiency and Reform Options" IMF Working Paper Series 08/136. International Monetary Fund.
Jamison, D. T. (2003). "Health's Contribution to Economic Growth in an
Environment of Partially Endogenous Technical Progress." Disease Control Priorities Project Working Paper No. 10.
Kalemli-Ozcan, S. (2002). "Does Mortality Decline Promote Economic
Growth?" Journal of Economic Growth Vol.7(4), pp.411-439.
Kalemli-ozcan, S., Ryder, E. and Well, D.N. (2000). "Mortality Decline,
Human Capital Investment, and Economic Growth." Journal of Development Economics, Vol. 62(1). pp.1-23.
Lorentzen, P., McMillan, J. and Wacziarg, R. (2005). "Death and
development." NBER Working Paper 11620.
Mackinnon, J. (1995), "Health as an Informational Good: The Determinants of
child nutrition and mortality during political and economic recovery in Uganda" Centre for the Study of African Economies Working Paper, pp.95-99, Oxford: University of Oxford.
Malenbaum, W. (1970). "Health and Productivity in Poor Areas." Empirical
Studies in Health Economics. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Malik, G. (2005). "An Examination Of The Relationship between Health and
Economic Growth." ICRIER Working Paper No. 185.
Mayer, D. (2001). "The Long Term Impact of Health of Economic Growth."
World Development No.l025-103l.Va. 29 (6), pp. 1025-33.
Mehrara, M. and Musai, M, (2011). "Health Expenditure and Economic
Growth: An ARDL Approach for the Case of Iran." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies, Vol.3(4), pp.249-256.
Mushkin, S. J. (1962). "Health as an Investment." Journal of Political Economy
Vol.70, pp. 129-57.
Odior, E.S. (2011). "Government Expenditure on Health, Economics Growth
and Long Waves in A CGE Micro-Simulation Analysis." European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administration Sciences, Vol.31, pp.100-113.
Olaniyi O.O. and Adams A.A. (2000). "Public expenditures and Human
Development in Nigeria" Human Resource Development in Africa. 2002 Annual Conference papers, NES, U.L Ibadan pp 157- 198.
Olayemi, S.O, (2010). "Human Capital Investment and Industrial Productivity
in Nigeria"
Scheffler, R. M. (2004). "Health Expenditure and Economic
Growth: An International Perspective." Occasional Papers On Globalization, University Of South Florida.
Schultz, T. P. (2005), "Productive Benefits of Health: Evidence from Low-
Income Countries." Economic Growth Centre Discussion Paper No. 903, Yale University.
Sorkin, A.L. (1977). Health Economics in Developing Countries. Lexington,
MA: Lexington Books.
Sulku, S.N. and Cancer, A. (2011). "Health Care Expenditures and Gross
Domestic Product:
The Turkish Case." European Journal of Health Economics, Vol.12, pp.29-38.
Tallinn, I. (2006). "The Economic Consequences of Ill-health in Estonia."
PRAXIS Center fo rPolicy Studies.
Todaro, M.P. and Stephen, C.S. (1982). Economics for Developing countries.
Ibadan: Longman publishers.
World Economic Forum (2010-2011), Global Competitiveness Report 2010-
UNDP. (2008): Human development report. New York: Oxford University
press.
UNDP. (2012): Human development report.New York:0xford University
press.
United Nations. (2000). 4th Report on the World Nutrition Situation: Nutrition
Throughout the Lifecycle.
Weil, D. (2001) "Accounting For the Effects of Health on Economic Growth."
Economics Department, Brown University.
WHO. (1999). "WHO on Health and Economic Productivity" Population and
Development Review, Vol.25(2), pp. 396-401.
WHO. (2001). "Macroeconomics and Health: Investing in Health for Economic
Development. Report of the Commission on Macroeconomics and Health."
Yesufu, T.M. (2000). The Human Factor in Development. Nigeria, Ibadan:
Spectrum Books Nigeria Limited.
Zon, A. V. (2001). "Health and endogenous growth." Journal of Health
Economics, pp.169-185.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.